Virtuzzo All commands

List vps’es on a node vzlist -a
Create a vps vzctl create 5001 –ostemplate centos-5-i386-default
When a vps is created the files are stored in main node in the location /vz/private/5001. The configuration file for vps 5001 will lie at /etc/vz/conf/5001.conf. The /etc/vz/conf is a link to /etc/sysconfig/vz-scripts/
[root@server ~]# ls -al /etc/vz/conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Apr 10 2009 /etc/vz/conf -> ../sysconfig/vz-scripts
Destroy a vps
vzctl destroy 5001
Assigning host name to vps
vzctl set 5001 –hostname server.hostname.com –save
Add IP to vps
vzctl set 5001 –ipadd 11.22.33.44 –save
Create vps with hostnmae and IP set
vzctl create 5001 –ostemplate centos-5-i386-default –ipadd 11.22.33.44 –hostname server.hostname.com
Dump a vps to take backup. This will create a backup 5001.tgz in the path /backup/
vzdump –compress –dumpdir /backup/5001.tgz 5001
Restore a vps from backup
vzdump –restore /backup/vzdump-5001.tgz 5001
Change vps parameters, eg privvmpages
vzctl set 5001 –privvmpages 431072:441072 –save
Execute a command inside a vps from Node, Eg: to execute “free -m” inside the vps 5001
vzctl exec 5001 free -m
To set vps to be booted when the node boots up
vzctl set 5001 –onboot=yes –save
To set root password for a vps from Node
vzctl set 5001 –userpasswd root:newpassword –save
Install a package on vps. To install “yum” on vps 5001.
vzyum 5001 install yum
To set capability to change eg: MAC addresses
vzctl set 5001 –capability net_admin:on –save
Basic OpenVZ commands:

To set up a VPS from the default CentOS 5 template you have to use the below command:

vzctl create 101 –ostemplate centos-5-x86 –config basic

The 101 must be a uniqe ID – each virtual machine must have its own unique ID. If you want to have the vm started at boot, run
vzctl set 101 –onboot yes –save

To set a hostname and IP address for the vm, run:

vzctl set 101 –hostname test.example.com –save
vzctl set 101 –ipadd 192.168.1.101 –save
To start the vm
vzctl start 101

To set a root password for the vm, execute

vzctl exec 101 passwd

To login into vm

vzctl enter 101

To leave the vm’s console, type

exit

To stop a vm, run

vzctl stop 101

To restart a vm, run

vzctl restart 101

To delete a vm from the hard drive (it must be stopped before you can do this), run

vzctl destroy 101

To get a list of your vms and their statuses, run

vzlist -a

To find out about the resources allocated to a vm, run

vzctl exec 101 cat /proc/user_beancounters

Command to check the load of all VPS from main server node.

vzlist -o veid,laverage

It will show the below output:

CTID LAVERAGE

101 3.02/3.32/3.31
102 5.35/3.30/3.38
103 03.34/3.03/3.50
104 0.93/0.61/0.66
105 1.67/1.67/1.85
106 0.02/0.01/0.00

vzctl status VEID
To view the status of the particular VPS

vzctl stop VEID –fast
To stop the VPS quickly and forcefully

vzctl enter VEID
To enter in a particular VPS

vzctl set VEID –hostname vps.domain.com –save
To set the Hostname of a VPS

vzctl set VEID –ipadd 1.2.3.4 –save
To add a new IP to the hosting VPS

vzctl set VEID –ipdel 1.2.3.4 –save
To delete the IP from VPS

vzctl set VEID –userpasswd root:new_password –save
To reset root password of a VPS

vzctl set VEID –nameserver 1.2.3.4 –save
To add the nameserver IP’s to the VPS

vzctl exec VEID command
To run any command on a VPS from Node

vzyum VEID install package_name
To install any package/Software on a VPS from Node

**VEID refers to the ID of the Particular VPS**
vz -> recommends ext3 file system
PIM -> IP:4643
PMC -> mangaing h/w node
PPP -> for managing a single container
All the above things need a license from parallel
====================

Templates

====================
OS template -> vzpkg (cache needs to created before creating the container)
EZ template -> points to the repository that contains packages that constitute the template
Application template -> mysql template
====================

To create a container

====================
vzctl create
the container ID > 100
32 -bit integer
ID – 0 -> h/w node
ID -1 -> service container

/etc/vz/conf -> for the sample file names (only use the main part of the file name)

vzctl set – configure the container
vzctl exec – run anything on the container
vzctl status/vzlist 101

vzpkg – for adding application templates on h/w node (/vz/templates)
- the same command can be used for installing/removing the template into a the container.

Virtuozzo – User’s guide

OS virtualization – (1-2% of is spent on the virtualization s/w)
VZFS – allows sharing of common files among containers
Hardware node & Containers

/etc/vz/vz.conf
/etc/vz/conf/
/etc/vzbackup.conf

Standard migration
vzmigrate

Zero downtime migration
vzmigrate –online –require-realtime my_node.com 101

Move the container within the h/w node
vzmlocal

Backup & restore
vzabackup/vzarestore

Reinstall container
vzctl recover -> restores the VZFS symlinks
vzctl reinstall -> creates new private area for the container, copies the old private area to /old dir
- vps.configure, vps.reinstall

Delete the container
vzctl destroy

Disabling the container
vzctl set

Suspending the container
vzctl suspend

Setting up resources
disk quotas – first level(how much files or disk space the container can use) and second level (quotaugidlimit > no of entries in /etc/passwd or group files)
Container must be restarted to come this changes into effect

vzquota – to check the status of the quota info

Cleaning up containers – to move identical files from contrainers to /vz/template/vc folder
vzcache

Linking container files with application templates
vzpkg link
vzpkglink
vzpkgls

Managing CPU – cpu share and the number of processors the node can make use of.
vzcpucheck

Network traffic
/etc/vz/conf/networks_classes – after any changes, you need to service vz accrestart
class 0 – no accounting will be performed
class 1 – defined by containers to match any IP address
vznetstat

Bandwidth management (outgoing traffic)
service vz shaperon, shaperrestart, shaperoff
BANDWIDTH -> kilobites per second
TOTALRATE -> ::

For container
RATE -> ::
RATEBOUND -> to specify if the bandwidth is limited to the RATEBOUND
====================

Monitoring tools

====================
vzstat
vzps
vzpid
vztop
vzsetxinetd

Virtuozzo networks
vznetcfg if list

vznetcfg vlan add eth0 5
vznetcfg vlan del eth0.5

vznetcfg net addif vznetwork1 eth0
vznetcfg net delif eth0

vznetcfg net new vznetwork1
vznetcfg net del vznetwork1
vznetcfg net list

venet0 –?

License
vzlicload
vzlicupdate
vzlicview

Keeping system up2date
The h/w node can be updated using the normal update procedures without affecting virtuozzo
vzup2date – /etc/sysconfig/vzup2date/vzup2date.conf
vzup2date -m batch install –core
vzup2date -t -m batch install –all-os

Updating the containers
vzpkg update 101 redhat-el5-x86
vzpkg update 101
vzpkg update cache fedora-core-8-x86

Loading iptables modules
/etc/sysconfig/iptables-config
/etc/vz/vz.conf
/etc/vz/conf/.conf

VZFS-v2

Virtuozzo – Templates management guide

/vz/template
/vz/private/
/vz/root/

vzpkg – for managing VZ template
vzpkgls – for listing standard template

vzpkg install -p 110 yum

Virtuozzo – Managing UBC Resources

vzcfgvalidate

VE0CPUUNITS
SLM parameters

i-node setups

ext3 – 1 inode per every 4K
# vzlist -a

To list all the running VPS in the node

# vzlist

To display the templates present in the server

# vzpkgls

Creating a VPS To create a VPS with VEID 101 and ostemplate fedora-core-4 with vps.basic configuration

# vzctl create 101 –ostemplate fedora-core-4 -.config vps.basic

Deleting a VPS To destroy a VPS with VEID 101

# vzctl destroy 101

Configuring VPS (The changes are saved in /etc/vz/conf/.conf) To automatically boot when a node is up

# vzctl set 101 –onboot yes –save

To set hostname

# vzctl set 101 –hostname test101.my.org –save

To add an IP address

# vzctl set 101 –ipadd 10.0.186.1 –save

To delete an IP address

# vzctl set 101 –ipdel 10.0.186.1 –save

To set the name servers

# vzctl set 101 –nameserver 192.168.1.165 –save

To set the root password of VPS 101

# vzctl set 101 –userpasswd root:password

To set shortname for VPS

# vzctl set 101 –name test101 –save

Start/Stop/Restart VPS To start a VPS

# vzctl start 101

To start a disabled VPS

# vzctl start 101 –force

To stop a VPS

vzctl stop 101

To restart a VPS

# vzctl restart 101

To know the status of a VPS

# vzctl status 101

To get the details of the VPS like VEID, ClassID, number of processes inside each VPS and the IP addresses of VPS

# cat /proc/vz/veinfo

To enter into a VPS 101

# vzctl enter 101

To execute a command in VPS 101

# vzctl exec 101 command (replace command with the command you need to execute)
# vzctl exec 101 df -h

Managing Disk Quotas To assign disk quotas – First limit is soft limit, second limit is hard limit

# vzctl set 101 –diskspace 10485760 –save ==>> for setting 10GB
OR
# vzctl set 101 –diskspace 1048576 –save ==>> for setting 1GB

To assign disk inodes

# vzctl set 101 –diskinodes 90000:91000 –save

To check the disk quota of a VPS

# vzquota stat 101 -t

Managing CPU quota To display the available CPU power

# vzcpucheck

To set the number of CPUs available to a VPS

# vzctl set 101 –cpus 2 –save

To set the minimum and maximum CPU limits

# vzctl set 101 –cpuunits nnnn –cpulimit nn –save
(cpuunits is a an absolute number (fraction of power of the node) and cpulimit is taken as percentage)

Managing memory quota To display memory usage

# vzmemcheck -v

To set kmem

# vzctl set 101 –kmemsize 2211840:2359296 –save

To set privvmpages

# vzctl set 101 –privvmpages 2G:2G –save

Other Commands To copy/clone a VPS

# vzmlocal -C :

To disable a VPS

# vzctl set 101 –disabled yes

To enable a VPS

# vzctl set 101 –disabled no

To suspend a VPS

# vzctl suspend 101

To resume a VPS

# vzctl resume 101

To run yum update on a VPS

# vzyum 101 -y update

To install a package using yum on VPS

# vzyum 101 -y install package

To install a package using rpm on VPS

# vzrpm 101 -ivh package
VZ -> Vir­tuozzo –> rec­om­mends ext3 file sys­tem
PIM -> Par­al­lels Infra­struc­ture Man­ager –> IP:4643
PMC -> Par­al­lels Man­age­ment Con­sole –> man­ag­ing hard­ware node
PPP -> Par­al­lels Power Panel –> for man­ag­ing a sin­gle con­tainer
All the above things need a license from parallel

Tem­plates

OS tem­plate -> vzpkg (cache needs to cre­ated before cre­at­ing the con­tainer)
EZ tem­plate -> points to the repos­i­tory that con­tains pack­ages that con­sti­tute the tem­plate
Appli­ca­tion tem­plate -> mysql tem­plate

Vir­tuozzo — User’s guide

OS vir­tu­al­iza­tion — (1–2% of is spent on the vir­tu­al­iza­tion s/w) VZFS — allows shar­ing of com­mon files among con­tain­ers Hard­ware node & Containers

/etc/vz/vz.conf
/etc/vz/conf/
/etc/vzbackup.conf

Delete the container

# vzctl destroy

Dis­abling the container

# vzctl set

Sus­pend­ing the container

# vzctl suspend

To check the sta­tus of the quota info

# vzquota

Man­ag­ing CPU — cpu share and the num­ber of proces­sors the node can make use of

# vzcpucheck

Mon­i­tor­ing tools

# vzs­tat
# vzps
# vzpid
# vztop
# vzsetx­inetd

Vir­tuozzo networks

# vznetcfg if list
# vznetcfg vlan add eth0 5
# vznetcfg vlan del eth0.5
# vznetcfg net addif vznetwork1 eth0
# vznetcfg net delif eth0
# vznetcfg net new vznetwork1
# vznetcfg net del vznetwork1
# vznetcfg net list

Keep­ing sys­tem up2date : The h/w node can be updated using the nor­mal update pro­ce­dures with­out affect­ing virtuozzo

# vzup2date — /etc/sysconfig/vzup2date/vzup2date.conf
# vzup2date –m batch install –core
# vzup2date –t –m batch install –all-os

Updat­ing the con­tain­ers

# vzpkg update 101 redhat-el5-x86
# vzpkg update 101
# vzpkg update cache fedora-core-8-x86

1) vzlist -a : Shows list of all the VPS’s hosted on the Node.
2) vzctl start VPS_ID: To start the VPS.
3) vzctl stop VPS_ID : To stop (Shut Down) the VPS.
4) vzctl status VPS_ID : To view the status of the particular VPS.
5) vzctl stop VPS_ID –fast : to stop the VPS quickly and forcefully
6) vzctl enter VPS_ID : To enter in a particular VPS

Configuration Commands

1) vzctl set VPS_ID –hostname vps.domain.com –save: To set the Hostname of a VPS.

2) vzctl set VPS_ID –ipadd 1.2.3.4 –save : To add a new IP to the hosting VPS

3) vzctl set VPS_ID –ipdel 1.2.3.4 –save : To delete the IP from VPS.

4) vzctl set VPS_ID –userpasswd root:new_password –save : to reset root password of a VPS.

5) vzctl set VPS_ID –nameserver 1.2.3.4 –save : To add the nameserver IP’s to the VPS

6) vzctl exec VPS_ID command : To run any command on a VPS from Node.

6) vzyum VPS_ID install package_name : To install any package/Software on a VPS from Node.

VPS_ID refers to the ID of the Particular VPS.