AWS Cloud Training ELASTIC BLOCK STORE

 What is Elastic Block Store (EBS)?

 EBS storage is allocated in volumes

• A volume is a 'virtual disk' (size: 1GB - 1TB)
• Basically, a raw block device
• Can be attached to an instance (but only one at a time)
• A single instance can access multiple volumes

 Placed in specific availability zones

• Why is this useful?
• Be sure to place it near instances (otherwise can't attach)

 Replicated across multiple servers

• Data is not lost if a single server fails
•  Amazon: Annual failure rate is 0.1-0.2%

 EC2 instances can have an EBS volume as their root device ("EBS

boot")

• Result: Instance data persists independently from the lifetime of the instance
•  You can stop and restart the instance, like suspending and resuming a laptop

 You won't be charged for the instance while it is stopped (only

for EBS)

•  You can enable termination protection for the instance
•  Blocks attempts to terminate the instance (e.g., by accident) until termination protection is disabled again

CREATE EBS VOLUMES

Once you are in the EC2 page, click Volumes under ELASTIC BLOCK STORE

on the left pane.

Once you are in the Volumes page, click on Create Volume to create a new

volume.

  

  Select Volume Type from the drop down list.

Specify Snapshot ID if you want your new volume to be copied data from the

snapshot, otherwise leave blank.

And select encrypt option if you want to encrypt your newly creating volume,

otherwise leave un selected.

Then click on create after specifying the values required.

Your volume will start creating.

DELETE EBS VOLUME

Once you logged in to AWS, go to EC2 section then go to Volumes section.

Click the volume which you want to delete and click on actions.

AWS Cloud Training IDENTITY AND ACCESS MANAGEMENT

 IDENTITY AND ACCESS MANAGEMENT

AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) is a web service that helps you

securely control access to AWS resources for your users. You use IAM to control

who can use your AWS resources (authentication) and what resources they can use

and in what ways (authorization).

Choose Identity & Access management under Security & Identity from the AWS

console page.

CREATING USERS:

Once you are on IAM page, Click Users from left pane, then choose Add User to

create a user.

On the next page, click on Show User Security Credentials to see access keys or

choose Download Credentials to download them then click on close.

Under Users tab, select a user and click on User Actions, then select manage

Password to create a new password.

Once you are on IAM page, Click Users from left pane, then choose Add User to

create a user.

Role and duties of a Linux/Windows system administrator

Role and duties of a Linux/Windows system administrator

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1. Create and update repositories. At the same time you must be able to install packages, remove or search them.
2. Setting permissions on files and directories. You need to be good with special permissions such as SGID,SUID and sticky bits. Gain knowledge about ACLs.
3. Process management. This is something practically required in company environment. Learn basic process management commands such as top, ps, vmstat etc.
4. Managing and creating partitions. You must be good with file systems. Also gain knowledge about type of partitions such as swap.
5. Sharing of files through NFS and SAMBA.
6. Understanding of SElinux concepts. Understand how contexts work in SELinux .
7. Learn SSH.
8. Learn networking basics and understanding of firewalls would be great.
9. Cron scheduling basics.
10. Basic understanding of configuration files of various services.
11. Basic shell scripting.

 

Role and duties of a Linux/Windows system administrator

The duties of a system administrator are wide-ranging and vary widely from one organization to another. Sysadmins are usually charged with installing, supporting, and maintaining servers or other computer systems, and planning for and responding to service outages and other problems. Other duties may include scripting or light programming, and project management for systems-related projects.

The system administrator is responsible for the following things:

1. User administration (setup and maintaining account)
2. Maintaining system
3. Verify that peripherals are working properly
4. Quickly arrange the repair for hardware in the occasion of hardware failure
5. Monitor system performance
6. Create file systems
7. Install the software using tools such as apt command/apt-get command, dnf command/yum command, zypper command, apk command and others.
8. Patching firmware and software
9. Create a backup and recover policy (disaster recovery [DR])
10. Monitor network communication
11. Update system as soon as the new version of OS and application software comes out
12. Implement the policies for the use of the computer system and network
13. Setup security policies for users. A sysadmin must have a strong grasp of computer security (e.g. firewalls and intrusion detection systems. You must know how to use tools such as Wireshark and Nmap command)
14. Documentation in form of an internal wiki. You must know how to read manual pages using the man command or help command.
15. Password and identity management
16. Network administration
17. Database administration
18. How to view and troubleshoot with Unix and Linux log files
19. Setting up cron jobs on your Unix and Linux system using the crontab command
20. Responsible for installing and maintaining all software systems and server hardware
21. Maintenance of all system backup and providing training to all users.
    
    
22. Upgrade the installed software with the new version of OS and create new storage.
    
    
23. Ability to troubleshoot when required and work in Linux friendly applications
    
    
24. Monitoring the servers and network communication
    
    
25. Creating file systems
    
    
26. Implementation of policies
    
    
27. Creating security policies for users like firewalls.
    
    
28. Managing the password and identity
    
    
29. To monitor and evaluate everyday systems and all resources related to the server.

Linux System Administrator is a person who has ‘root’ access that is a ‘superuser’. It means he has the privilege to access everything which includes all user accounts, all system configurations, home directories with all files therein, and all files in the system.

Linux System Administrator has the following duties  (Write any five)

Installing and configuring server

A server is basically a computer program that facilitates the same computer or another computer by providing services to them.

It is the most important element of Modern OS and network design.

It is of the system administrator to configure the server so that the most essential server remains inaccessible. He must be aware of types of attacks and security bugs.

Installing and configuring application software

In order to ensure a correct execution environment, the administrator must provide software that is well configured and validated.

He should ensure adequate memory allotment and resolve software failure and dependency issues.

He must provide a set of activities to control hardware and software configuration and maintain policies for users.

Creating and maintaining user accounts

Users can access their own accounts but the administrator has access to every user account.

He can add, modify, delete or copy a user account.

He is responsible for maintaining security by providing role on a user account that defines the level of access.

Backing up and restoring files

To minimize the loss of data, the administrator must maintain a backup of files nd he should restore it whenever required.

Administrators can take backup in removable media such as hard drives or tapes as protection against loss.

Before creating a backup administrator must decide.

What is necessary to backup?

How frequently backup should perform.

Monitoring and tuning performance

Monitoring and tuning performance is essential for Linux to work more efficiently.

Administrators must identify system bottlenecks and should solve them.

Administrators can use system tools to increase performance, they can determine

 when hardware needs to be upgraded.

He should identify the early sign of failure .

Configuring a secure system

It is the duty of the administrator to involve tasks and decisions to run a secure Linux system and maintain data integrity.

It provides strong protection to individuals and corporate bodies and protects parts of the system even if it is under attack.

Administrator should ensure

The system has a firewall.

Not allow connection from unknown network.

Not install software if not needed.

Using tools to monitor security

Linux is the preferred operating system that demands secure networks, but it can be easily cracked by hackers.

It is important for administrators to be aware of the tools hackers use and software used to monitor and counter such activity.

It is duty of the administrator to prevent unauthorized use of his system.

Unit-7 Structure Of Linux

 

MODULE-III Unit-2 Security Administration using Redhat Linux

 

Linux Task 1

*************************************************

LAB 1

Linux Graphical and Minimal Install 

/boot  ----> 1600MB

swap  ----> 1500MB

/   ----> 9000MB

/nux  ----> 2000MB

/redhat  ----> 1000MB

**************************************************

LAB 2 

Basic commands 

LAB 3 

VI Editor 

Nano Editor

MODULE-III-Unit-2 Security Administration using Redhat Linux